The emphasis is placed on the end bays, each highlighted by double pairs of pilasters, of which the inner pairs project outwards. The Swiss Lake feeds the Cascade and the Emperor Lake the Emperor Fountain. She was married to a duke, had lost a sister, a brother and two children and had yet to define herself. In 1811 he inherited the title and eight major estates: Chatsworth and Hardwick Hall in Derbyshire, Devonshire House, Burlington House and Chiswick House in London, Bolton Abbey and Londesborough Hall in Yorkshire, and Lismore Castle in Ireland. Sir William died in 1557, but Bess finished the house in the 1560s and lived there with her fourth husband, George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury. At the top is a plateau of several square miles of lakes, woods and moorland. In 1678 he was one of the committee appointed to draw up articles of impeachment against the Lord Treasurer Lord Danby. She was born Deborah Vivien Freeman-Mitford on March 31, 1920, at Asthall Manor, the Oxfordshire estate of her parents, David Freeman-Mitford, the 2nd Baron Redesdale, and the former Sydney Bowles. Also known as: William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Devonshire, Marquess of Hartington, Earl of Devonshire, Baron Cavendish of Hardwick. He was the eldest son of William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, by his wife, the heiress Lady Charlotte Boyle, suo jure Baroness Clifford, who brought in considerable money and estates to the Cavendish family. She was realistic about the move, made to give her son Stoker, the . They invented secret languages, Honnish and Boudledidge, which mimicked rural Oxfordshire accents, with distorted vowels and softened consonants, all pronounced in tones of hopeless yearning. To help us improve GOV.UK, wed like to know more about your visit today. The name 'Chatsworth' is a corruption of Chetel's-worth, meaning "the Court of Chetel". Features that survive from that time include: Two significant features from the period have been lost: The 7th10th Dukes made few changes to the garden, which suffered in the Second World War, but the 11th Duke and his wife were keen gardeners and oversaw a revival. The house and garden were first constructed by Sir William Cavendish and Bess of Hardwick in 1555. He was a minister in the government of Prime Minister Harold Macmillan (his uncle by marriage), but is best known for opening . Like the south front it is unusual in having an even number of bays and no centrepiece. Above it was the main family dining room, and at the top the Great Chamber, which was reserved for royalty, although the 6th Duke wrote that to his knowledge, it had never been used. He sold tens of thousands of acres of land, transferred Hardwick Hall to the National Trust in lieu of tax, and sold some major works of art from Chatsworth. They are involved in the operation through the Charitable Trust. William Cavendish, 5th Duke of Devonshire, KG (14 December 1748 29 July 1811), was a British nobleman, aristocrat, and politician. It is about 190 feet (60m) square and two storeys tall. From the Archives: The Duchess of Devonshire, Who Died Today at - Vogue Nonetheless, life at Chatsworth continued much as before. The Duke of Devonshire - The Telegraph The houses in Edensor were rebuilt in picturesque pattern-book styles. Cavendish was the son of William Cavendish, 3rd Earl of Devonshire, and his wife Lady Elizabeth Cecil. Georgiana Cavendish became a socialite who would gather around her a large circle of literary and political friends. Some 600,000 people a year visit Chatsworth, making it one of Britains most popular rural tourist sites. The 6th Duke (known as "the Bachelor Duke") was a passionate traveller, builder, gardener and collector, who transformed Chatsworth. The cost of running the house and grounds is about 4 million a year. However, he was killed in action in Belgium in September 1944 and Kathleen died in a plane crash in 1948. [7] The world's most commercially exploited banana, the Cavendish, was named in his honour. [1] In 20112012 it underwent a 14-million restoration. In 1999, Queen Elizabeth II named the duchess a Dame Commander of the Royal Victorian Order for her services to preserving Britains residential heritage. Brown straightened the river and put a network of drainage channels under the grass. On the occasion of the coronation he was awarded the Order of the Garter. Well send you a link to a feedback form. In December 1904, King Charles I of Portugal and Queen Maria Amlia stayed at Chatsworth House during their visit to Britain. It stands on the east bank of the River Derwent, across from hills between the Derwent and Wye valleys, amid parkland backed by wooded hills that rise to heather moorland. [46], Sculpture Gallery completed c.1834 designed by Jeffry Wyatville, Great Dining Room completed 1832 designed by Jeffry Wyatville, Dome above the Oak Staircase 1823-29 by Jeffry Wyatville. William Cavendish, 3rd Earl of Devonshire, was a staunch Royalist, expelled from the House of Lords in 1642. And the couple were long-standing friends of the Queen, who Buckingham Palace said was "saddened" by the news. The Glorious Revolution (168889) again brought him into prominence. [2] He lost both his parents while still in his youth; his mother died in 1806 and his father in 1811 when, aged 21, he succeeded to the dukedom. by the University of Cambridge in 1705. Still, it took 17 years to complete negotiations with the Inland Revenue, interest being due in the meantime. Inside there is a remarkable monument to Bess of Hardwick's sons Henry Cavendish and William, 1st Earl of Devonshire. He was forced to retire to Chatsworth during the reign of King James II. From age 6, Deborah had a passion for chickens. The duke married the Hon Deborah Mitford, daughter of Lord and Lady Redesdale, in 1941 and they had three children. In 1941, the then Lord Andrew Cavendish married The Honourable Deborah Freeman-Mitford (31 March 1920 24 September 2014), youngest daughter of David Freeman-Mitford, 2nd Baron Redesdale and one of the Mitford sisters, in the Priory Church of St Bartholomew-the-Great, Smithfield, London. Women would return to their bedroom many times during the day to change their outfits. The west front is very lively with much carved stonework, and the window frames are highlighted with gold leaf, which catches the setting sun. With William's death, Andrew became heir and received the courtesy title of Marquess of Hartington, by which he was known from September 1944 until November 1950. The Duchess is based on the late 18th century life of Georgiana Spencer, the Duchess of Devonshire, who was born in 1757. When the duke died in 2004, the now dowager duchess remained at Chatsworth for 18 months before moving to a house on the estate. The Ante-Library in the adjoining room was originally used by the 1st Duke as a dining room and then a billiard room, before the 6th Duke used it for his growing collection of books. The staff at Chatsworth at the time consisted of a butler, an under-butler, a groom of the chambers, a valet, three footmen, a housekeeper, the Duchess's maid, 11 housemaids, two sewing women, a cook, two kitchen maids, a vegetable maid, two or three scullery maids, two still-room maids, a dairy maid, six laundry maids and the Duchess's secretary. Jessica (1917-96) eloped with Churchills nephew, and they moved to the United States. You can change your cookie settings at any time. He decided the approach to the house should be from the west. There were terraces to the east of the house where the main lawn is now, ponds and fountains to the south, and fishponds to the west by the river. It is attached to the north-east corner of the house and around 400 feet (120 m) long. Since the early 1980s she had written a dozen books, many on Chatsworth, along with volumes of essays, reminiscences, cookbooks and letters exchanged with the travel writer Patrick Leigh Fermor. By his first wife, he had one son (William Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire, sometimes called "The Bachelor Duke", who succeeded him and who died unmarried in 1858), and two daughters: Lady Georgiana "Little G" Cavendish, later the Countess of Carlisle (wife of George Howard, 6th Earl of Carlisle), and Lady Harriet "Harryo" Cavendish, later the Countess Granville (wife of Lord Granville Leveson-Gower, who would be created 1st Earl Granville). [30] The Second Withdrawing Room was renamed the State Music Room when the 6th Duke brought the violin door from Devonshire House in London. Both drawing rooms have access to the garden through the South Front's external staircase. Devonshire's uncle, Lord Charles Cavendish, died aged 38 as a result of alcoholism. The Double Duchess Louisa van Alten - Henry Poole Savile Row [citation needed]. There are low towers in the corners and one over the entrance gate. All these 38 or 39 people lived in the house. [4] He was appointed Ambassador Extraordinary to the Russian Empire on the coronation of Tsar Nicholas I in 1826. Several quarries produce limestone and other minerals. The only real portrayal of her in modern media . Duke of Devonshire | Familypedia | Fandom The north gate led to the service courtyard, while the matching south gate led to the original front door in the west front, which was relegated to secondary status in the Duke's time, but is now the family's private entrance again. Lady Elizabeth Foster died on 30th March 1824 in Rome. The bronze work, 2.5m tall, is by the artist Damien Hirst. Next is the sculpture gallery, the largest room in the house, and then the orangery. Changes to the main baroque interiors were restricted to details such as stamped leather hangings on the walls of the State Music Room and State Bedroom, and a wider, shallower, but less elegant staircase in the Painted Hall, which was itself later replaced. To reduce running costs further, there was talk of pulling down the 6th Duke's north wing, which was then seen as having no aesthetic or historical value, but nothing came of it. His younger brother Andrew became the 11th Duke in 1950. Tobias Tennant, son of Christopher Grey Tennant, 2nd Baron Glenconner on 3 September 1963. The painting was painted just before Georgiana's marriage to the Duke of Devonshire. . [5] He relinquished this appointment on 2 January 1985. 183 Deborah, Dowager Duchess of Devonshire, who has died aged 94, was for more than half a century the chatelaine of Chatsworth House, the great stately home and estate in Derbyshire. The corridors round the courtyard were enclosed and given a multicoloured marble floor, so that rooms could be easily reached from indoors, and there were more shared living rooms to replace individual guest apartments. The 6th Duke added a carriage house behind the stables in the 1830s. Trustees of the Chatsworth Settlement, who lease the house to the Chatsworth House Trust. William George Spencer Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire, KG, PC (21 May 1790[1] 18 January 1858), styled Marquess of Hartington until 1811, was a British peer, courtier, nobleman, and Whig politician. The number of garden staff was somewhere between 80 in the 6th Duke's time and the 20 or so in the early 21st century. The last horses left the stables in 1939, when the building became a store and garage. A spokesman at Chatsworth said the duke died on Monday night with his wife the Duchess at his side. He reconstructed the principal rooms in an attempt to make them more comfortable, but the Elizabethan house was outdated and unsafe. Wed like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services. He said that everyone was "welcome in my back garden". Brown's 5.5 acre (22,000 m2) Salisbury Lawns still form the setting of the Cascade. THE village of Edensor in Derbyshire is a pretty place. Chosen several times as Britain's favourite country house,[2][3] it is a Grade I listed property from the 17th century, altered in the 18th and 19th centuries. Its houses are eccentric, with Tudor chimneys and Italian doorways, and . William Cavendish, 5th Duke of Devonshire, KG (14 December 1748 - 29 July 1811), was a British nobleman, aristocrat, and politician. The duke was listed at number 73 in the Sunday Times Rich List of the richest people in Great Britain in 2004. However, increasing deafness from an early age prevented him from taking an even greater part in public life.[3]. After her mother died, Georgiana's oldest daughter . The year 1840 brought the death of the Duke's beloved niece Blanche, who was married to his heir, the future 7th Duke. Georgiana Spencer: Princess Diana's Ancestor & Inspiration For The It was privately printed and provided a history of the Cavendish family's two primary estates: Chatsworth House and Hardwick Hall; the handbook was praised by author Charles Dickens.[10][11]. His autobiography, Accidents of Fortune, was published just before his death in 2004. On her seventeenth birthday, 7 June 1774, Lady Georgiana Spencer was married to society's most eligible bachelor, William Cavendish, the 5th Duke of Devonshire (aged 25). In 2002, Chatsworth became self-sufficient for the first time, covering its $6.5 million annual costs with income from the Chatsworth House Trust and proceeds from visitors, country fairs and the restaurants and shops she had started. When I was young I used to like casinos, fast women and God knows what. [1] He was made a privy councillor by Charles II, but he soon withdrew with his friend Lord Russell, when he found that the Roman Catholic interest uniformly prevailed. The 1st Duke created a richly appointed Baroque suite of state rooms across the south front when expecting a visit from King William III and Queen Mary II, which never occurred. [1] He was Lord High Treasurer of Ireland and Governor of Cork, and Lord Lieutenant of Derbyshire. These covered 200,000 acres (810km2) of land in England and Ireland. At 21, she married Andrew Cavendish, second son of the 10th Duke of Devonshire. The Duke, however, claimed that much of his marriage's success was due to the Duchess's tolerance and broadmindedness. Due to the slope of the site, this front is taller than the south front. Deborah Mitford, last of six British sisters who shocked and He served in the Coldstream Guards during the war, and was mayor of Buxton from 1952 to 1954. Meanwhile James Paine designed a new bridge to the north of the house, set at an angle of 40 degrees to command the best view of the West Front of the house. The State Apartments are approached from the Painted Hall, decorated with murals of scenes from the life of Julius Caesar by Louis Laguerre, and ascend by the cantilevered Great Stairs to an enfilade of rooms that controlled how far a person could progress into the presence of the King and Queen. Charity events are sometimes held in this part of the house. Charlotte would later marry suitably. [3] Other friends included Antonio Canova and Charles Dickens. The 6th Duke built a gatehouse at this end of the house with three gates. The Duchess of Devonshire was laid to rest at All Saints Parish Church, now Derby Cathedral; her memory lives on vibrantly today, a true icon of Georgian England. An earlier version of this obituary referred incorrectly to Andrew Cavendish, whom the duchess married at 21. The dukedom and estates would pass to a grandson of a younger brother of the 5th Duke of Devonshire; however, the 7th Duke of Devonshire would marry a daughter of the 6th Earl of Carlisle, who was thus a granddaughter of the 5th Duke and niece of the 6th Duke. At the age of about twenty, Devonshire toured Italy with William Fitzherbert which is where they commissioned the pair of portraits by Pompeo Batoni.[2]. Written in 1626, it survived as part of MS Egerton 1994; a manuscript collection prepared by the actor William Cartwright around 1642, and later presented by him to Dulwich College. When the 8th Duke died in 1908 over 500,000 of death duties became due. The work, the most extensive for 200 years, took ten years and was completed in 2018. Visiting Munich with Unity in 1937, Deborah, 17, wrote home: We have had quite a nice time here & weve had tea with Hitler & seen all the other sights.. The problem was overcome by building a slightly curved faade to distract the eye. Cavendish aimed initially to reconstruct only the south wing with the State Apartments and so decided to retain the Elizabethan courtyard plan, although its layout was becoming increasingly unfashionable. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. William Cavendish, 3rd Duke of Devonshire - Wikipedia The only surviving baroque faade is that on the eastern side, where five bays of the original seven remain, and are largely as built. Next to the pantry in the south front are offices. 46 Extravagant Facts About Georgiana Cavendish, The 18th - Factinate Much of the scientific library of Henry Cavendish (17311810) is in this room. Read more about William Cavendish, Duke of Devonshire, on the History of government blog. Several properties can be rented as holiday cottages, including Bess of Hardwick's Hunting Tower in the park. The 1st Duke's Chatsworth was a key building in the development of English Baroque architecture. Recognizing the commercial value of her involvement, she took a hands-on approach to running the house, greeting and leading tourists through the public rooms, teaching classes and feeding her chickens: Leghorns, Rhode Island Reds, Buff Cochins, Welsummers and less notable types that ran loose on the grounds like marauding gangs.

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