The U.S. population grew by 392,665, or 0.1%, in the past year, the lowest rate since the nation's founding. The Census data and these industry studies cannot tell us exactly why each person moved, but there is no denying a very strong correlation between low-tax, low-cost states and population growth. America's population size is standing still, according to new data from the U.S. Census Bureau. Texas, with the largest one-year net gain in population (up 310,288) almost accounted (numerically speaking) for all New Yorks decline of 319,020 in 2021. And sometimes, of course, they play little or no role. Whereas the District of Columbias population shrunk by 2.8 percent between April 2020 (roughly the start of the pandemic) to July 2021, New York lost 1.8 percent of its population, and Illinois, Hawaii, and California rounded out the top five jurisdictions for population loss, Idaho was gaining 3.4 percent, while Utah, Montana, Arizona, South Carolina, Delaware, Texas, Nevada, Florida, and North Carolina all saw population gains of 1 percent or more. Our Changing Population: New York 2010 Population 19,399,956 2021 Population 19,835,913 Population Change + 2.2% Data Updated July 2022 National / New York / County Year 2010 Year 2021 Year How has the population changed in New York? This may be due to people exiting California and heading to Nevada and either starting their own companies (which are not immediately counted in jobs) or they are simply retiring there given favorable taxes. Change is inevitable, but the rate and direction varies across the economic landscape and time. New Vintage 2021 Population Estimates Available for the Nation, States and Puerto Rico, Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), national- and state-level estimates of the components of population change, integrates the 2020 Census, Vintage 2020 estimates, and 2020 Demographic Analysis estimates. Data for all 50-states, the District of Columbia and the U.S. are shown in the next table. year april 1 population annual percent change 2021 7,766,925 1.45 2020 7,656,200 1.45 2019 7,546,400 1.60 2018 7,427,570 1.60 2017 7,310,300 1.76 2016 7,183,700 1.73 2015 7,061,410 1.34 2014 6,968,170 1.25 2013 6,882,400 0.95 2012 6,817,770 0.74 2011 6,767,900 0.64 2010 6,724,540 0.79 2009 6,672,159 0.97 2008 6,608,245 1.27 2007 6,525,086 1.63 Tennessee's population grew by 55,099 people to 6.975 million in 2021. The headline on the bureau website that accompanies the new estimates, described it as the "slowest . The state with the fastest growing population since the 2010 Census is Utah with 3,271,616, an 18.4% of increase. The first table shows the 10-states with the greatest percentage growth in population from 2020 to 2021 and the second table the 10 states with the largest percentage decline. Comparisons to previous years are not recommended. Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the state of New York from 1900 to 2021. Kristina Barrett The pandemic has accelerated changes in the way we live and work, making it far easier for people to moveand they have. Delaware (Population: 990,334) Rhode Island (Population: 1,061,509) Montana (Population: 1,085,004) Maine (Population: 1,354,522) As of spring 2021, the population of the United States is approximately 331,449,281. Key Findings The total population of Minnesota in 2021, based upon our office's latest estimates, was 5,742,036. Population trends are tied to states economic fortunes and government finances. Less economic activity can limit state revenue collections. Losses in these states were driven by people moving away. While 10-year growth rates illustrate major trends that have helped shape a states economic and fiscal conditions, growth over the past year sheds light on shifts that affect near-term revenue collections and spending. Visit The Pew Charitable Trusts interactive resourceFiscal 50: State Trends and Analysisto sort and analyze data for other indicators of state fiscal health. For example, life expectancy and the ratio of births to deaths may fluctuate because of the pandemics direct impact on human health, international migration may continue to be depressed, and the wider adoption of remote work may affect individuals decisions about where to live. However, from July 2020 to July 2021, COVID-19 accelerated this trend. Thats primarily because many residents left New York for other states. Also released today were national- and state-level estimates of the components of population change, which include tables on births, deaths and migration. Lock A lock ( Population in New York Source: Census Bureau The population of New Jersey in 2019 was 8,891,258, a 0.01% decline from 2018. In 2021, the four fastest growing states were all in the West, according to U.S. Census data. Aside from states with declines, population grew slower over the year than over the 2010-20 period in 19 states. The reverse is usually true for states with shrinking or slow-growing populaces. A long-term trend of reduced growth rate appears to have been amplified by . Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Our one-stop state tax data resource compares all 50 states on over 40 measures of tax rates, collections, burdens, and more. Many companies are not subject to the CIT because they are taxed as pass-through businesses, with income reportable under the individual income tax. By Weiyi Cai and Reid J. Epstein Updated April 26, 2021, 6:45 p.m. The picture painted by this population shift is a clear one of people leaving high-tax, high-cost states for lower-tax, lower-cost alternatives. Twenty-five states experienced natural decrease in 2021, where there were more deaths than births. From 2020 to 2021 U.S. population grew from 331,501,080 to an estimated 331,893,745 according to the Vintage population estimates just released by the U.S. Census Bureau. Texas notably gained two seats due to an increase in population, while New York, Michigan, California, West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Illinois all lost one seat. Pew applies a rigorous, analytical approach to improve public policy, inform the public, and invigorate civic life. Pandemic-induced excess deaths, virtually nonexistent international in-migration, and an already-declining birth rate yielded an almost flat population trend nationwide. Six states in the top third forgo individual income taxes (Florida, Tennessee, Texas, Nevada, New Hampshire, and South Dakota) and the highest top rate is Maines 7.15 percent. In 2021, 20 states and the District of Columbia lost residents via net domestic migration. A locked padlock A comparison of 10-year population trends, based on each states constant annual growth rate between April 2010 and April 2020, shows: More recently, population change from July 2020 to July 2021 shows: The decennial census is an official count of the population that the U.S. Constitution requires every 10 years. Between July 1, 2020 and July 1, 2021, the United States grew at a historically slow pace. See the Vintage 2021 Release Notes and the Methodology Statement for more information on these changes. The Office of Financial Management With a population of 29,527,941 in 2021, Texas had the largest annual and cumulative numeric gain, increasing by 310,288 (1.1%) and 382,436 (1.3%), respectively. The U.S. Census Bureau estimates the U.S. population to be approximately 329 million as of 2020, a 0.35% increase compared to 2019. In the states, total population growth has been slowing for decades, with the growth rate over the 2010s the most sluggish since the Great Depression. By Nick Reisman City of Albany PUBLISHED 12:57 PM ET Dec. 21, 2021 Census data released Monday found New York state had the steepest annual population decline in the country between from July 2020 to July 2021, losing more than 1.5% of its people during that 12-month period. Between July 1, 2020, and July 1, 2021, the nations growth was due to natural increase (148,043), which is the number of excess births over deaths, and net international migration (244,622). Seven states lost a seat: California, Illinois, Michigan, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia. Over the past year, the District of Columbias population declined by 2.9%, or 20,043 residents, to a population of 670,050 in 2021. Americans were on the move in 2021, and they chose low-tax states over high-tax ones. Fourteen states grew more quickly than their 10-year paces. Australia's population was 25,890,773 people at 31 March 2022. Some states saw significant increases in population numbers that contributed to this overall growth. With Census data through July 2021, however, and industry data for all of 2021, we now have a clearer picture of which moves were for the long haul. State populations grow or shrink depending on the net effect of births, deaths, and migration to and from other states and abroad, including documented and undocumented people. Copyright 1996-2022 The Pew Charitable Trusts. On the other hand, states with fast-growing populations typically have strong labor force growth, which fuels economic activity and helps generate tax revenue to fund any increased spending on infrastructure, education, and other government services. It was the first time that newcomers from other countries contributed more to population growth than gains from births in a given year, according to the. Population counts by gender and 5-year age groups from the U.S. Census Bureau's 2020 Decennial Census and 2021 Population Estimates served as the base population, and the most currently available fertility, mortality and migration rates were used to project the change in each age cohort moving forward. New York dropped below 20 million people in the last year, decreasing from 20,154,933 to 19,835,913. The Northeast region, the least populous of the four regions with a population of 57,159,838 in 2021, experienced a population decrease of -365,795 residents due to natural decrease (-31,052) and negative net domestic migration (-389,638). An official website of the United States government. New York had the largest annual and cumulative numeric population decline, decreasing by 319,020 (1.6%) and 365,336 (1.8%), respectively. The industry data has limitations, but it remains interesting. Utah and Montana tied for second at 1.7%, followed by Arizona, at 1.4%. The decline in the District of Columbias population can be attributed to negative net domestic migration (-23,030), which was large enough to offset gains from natural increase (2,171) and net international migration (1,128). Washington, DC 20005, Tax Expenditures, Credits, and Deductions, Location Matters: State Tax Costs of Doing Business, Tax Reforms for Mobility and Modernization, Consumption Tax Policies in OECD Countries. Between 2010 and 2021, the share of the population that is Hispanic/Latino grew the most, increasing 2.5 percentage points to 18.9%. Massachusetts: -0.53% North Dakota: -0.52% West Virginia: -0.38% Mississippi: -0.23% Pennsylvania: -0.20% States in the West and South, led by Idaho and Utah, generally saw the largest. This data is critical for government programs, policies, and decision-making. This decrease in Puerto Ricos population was largely due to natural decrease (-14,173) and negative net international migration (-3,781). Ten of the 17 states that lost residents last year were in the Northeast and Midwest. Narrow tax bases are non-neutral, favoring one product or industry over another, and can undermine revenue stability. While population gain alone does not guaranty economic growth, changes from one-year to the next in general shows where people are departing and where they (and their jobs) are landing. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Measuring America's People, Places, and Economy. Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the state of New Jersey from 1900 to 2021. In 2021 alone, Idaho grew by 2.88%, adding 53,000 people, and Utah's population increased by 1.72%, with 56,000 new residents. Maine Statewide Population 2016 (historical) 2021 2026 2016-2026 Total Population 1,330,232 1,335,260 1,340,462 Five-Year Percent Change Only two states in the bottom third did so, and in one (Louisiana), commensurate base broadening, while good policy, made the reform essentially revenue neutral. The U.S. imposes a progressive income tax where rates increase with income. As a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, we depend on the generosity of individuals like you. Among the 50 states and District of Columbia, 17 posted a one-year decline in population, three had no change (0.0 percent) and 31 recorded at least a 0.1 percent gain. Some states have started to experiment with policy options to combat sluggish population growth. Population growth in the United States has been slowing for some time. However, other states saw a population decline. To further understand the fiscal and economic impact of population change, fiscal analysts and demographers also study the shifting age and income mix of a states residents. Sharing charts, maps, and more to show who Americans are, how policy affects the everyday, and how we can use data to make a difference. Annual natural increase was 130,200 and . The pace of population growth in Connecticut, Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont accelerated over the year compared with their decade-long growth, unlike most of their neighboring states, which lost residents. Rebased estimates supersede all estimates from June 2016, for further information see Methodology used in rebased population estimates, June 2021. At the other end of the spectrum, Idaho and Utah gained residents the fastest in 2021 as well as over the decade. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS Meanwhile, New York and the District of Columbia actually raised income taxes in 2021, the only places to do so. Editor's Note: This article is an annual update to the population change indicator for Pew's Fiscal 50 project. While the population of the EU as a whole slightly decreased during 2021 (-0.4 per 1 000 persons), the change was not evenly distributed across the EU Member States: 17 Member States observed an increase in their respective populations, while the population fell in the remaining 10 Member States. The states with long-term population declines all fell near the bottom of economic growth over the 12-year recovery from the Great Recession. Three states had populations above 20 million in 2021: California (39,237,836), Texas (29,527,941) and Florida (21,781,128). Relatively local moves, such as those within the D.C. metropolitan area, can make a jurisdiction like the District of Columbia look like it is doing well on United Van Lines data even though the Census data tells a different story. All rights reserved. Population growth has been slowing for years because of lower birth rates and decreasing net international migration, all while mortality rates are rising due to the aging of the nations population, said Kristie Wilder, a demographer in the Population Division at the Census Bureau. Measuring America's People, Places, and Economy. The South, with a population of 127,225,329, was the most populous of the four regions (encompassing 38.3% of the total national population) and was the only region that had positive net domestic migration of 657,682 (the movement of people from one area to another within the United States) between 2020 and 2021. Florida (38,590), Texas (27,185) and New York (18,307) had the largest population gains from net international migration. Idaho was the fastest-growing state with 2.9% growth from 2020 to 2021. Annual Estimates of Resident Population Change for the United States, States, District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and State Rankings: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2021 (NST-EST2021-POPCHG2020-2021) [< 1.0 MB] With each new release of annual estimates, the entire time series of estimates is revised for all years back to the last census. Wyoming was the least populous state, tallying 576,851 residents. State officials study population trends, in addition to other measures, to forecast revenue streams and residents demands for services for budgeting purposes and long-term fiscal planning. Click here for discussion on the methodology for Vintage population estimates. All Rights Reserved. Source: Census Bureau How many people live in New York? Now, with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, this combination has resulted in a historically slow pace of growth.. Those two states were followed by a group of Southern and other Western states. But,. In 2021 alone, Idaho grew 2.88% with 53,000 residents, and Utah's population grew 1.72% with 56,000 new residents. Five states in the bottom third have local income taxes; none in the top third do. Puerto Rico has a resident population of 3,285,874, down 11.8% from 3,725,789 in the 2010 Census. All previously published estimates (e.g. Just as with job growth from one state to another, population change varies across the country. This is a historically large number of states to lose population in year. From 2020 to 2021 U.S. population grew from 331,501,080 to an estimated 331,893,745 according to the Vintage population estimates just released by the U.S. Census Bureau. After Idaho and Utah, population grew the fastest in Montana (1.66%), Arizona (1.37%), South Carolina (1.17%), Delaware (1.16%), and Texas (1.06%). pio@census.gov. Unfortunately, the estimated population gain of just 0.1 percent was smallest annual percentage increase in the history of the U.S. For example, restrictions to curb the spread of the virus contributed to a drop in the number of newcomers from abroad. Idaho, Montana, Maine and New Hampshire sped up the most. Apart from states with declinesWest Virginia (-0.32% a year), Mississippi (-0.02%), and Illinois (-0.01)the slowest population growth rates were recorded in Connecticut, Michigan (0.19%), and Ohio, Wyoming, and Pennsylvania (0.23% each). The next two tables show the states with the greatest change (up and down) in population from 2020 to 2021. These two states were followed by a group of southern and other western states. The largest net domestic migration gains were in Florida (220,890), Texas (170,307) and Arizona (93,026). For a half-century, people have gravitated toward Sun Belt states because of employment opportunities, a lower cost of living, and warmer climates. Fiscal 50: State Trends and Analysis, an interactive resource from The Pew Charitable Trusts, allows you to sort and analyze data on key fiscal, economic, and demographic trends in the 50 states and understand their impact on states’ fiscal health. The percent change in PCE across all 50 states and the District of Columbia ranged from 16.3 percent in Utah to 9.4 percent in New York. The white (non-Hispanic) population had the largest decrease dropping 4.5 percentage points to 59.3%. The Census data shows population gains and losses, but not cross-border migration. For half a century, people have been drawn to the Sun Belt states for job opportunities, lower living costs and warmer climates. Browse our topics and subtopics to find information and data. Population Growth and Change, 1958-2021 Southeast: 2021 Population = 85,872,186 2021 Percent of U.S. = 25.9% U.S.: 2021 Population = 331,893,745 Attracting and retaining people to live, work, raise a family, and retire underlies the economic vitality of any region. ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. Neither the decennial census nor the 2021 annual estimates break down COVID-19-related deaths from those from other causes. The population of New York in 2020 was 20,154,933, a 3.55% increasefrom 2019. These regional trends largely continued in 2021. There were outliers to these statements, however. Though a smaller population can lead to a reduction in some types of spending, it also means there are fewer residents to help cover the costs of long-standing commitments, such as debt and state employee retirement benefits. In 2021, the white (non-Hispanic) group made up 59.3% of the population compared with 63.8% in 2010. Florida had the highest natural decrease at. The U.S. Census Bureau's 2021 Vintage Population Estimates shed some light on this question. Both companies see states like California, Illinois, Massachusetts, and New York as the biggest losers, while states like Texas, Florida, and Tennessee are among the largest net gainers. The Entire U.S. Population by State in 2020 The U.S. experienced 7.4% population growth between 2010-2020, which equates to the addition of 22.7 million people. For over 80 years, our goal has remained the same: to improve lives through tax policies that lead to greater economic growth and opportunity. Vermont is first in the United Van Lines data but middle-of-the-pack for overall population change, because the state benefited from outmigrationsome temporary, some likely permanentfrom densely populated Northeastern cities at the height of the pandemic. Sources: U.S. Census Bureau; U-Haul; United Van Lines. The new estimates show the state maintained a 0.8% population growth rate in 2021 as the overall population increase in the U.S. (0.1%) hit a record low. Sometimes taxes are expressly part of the calculation. An official website of the United States government. The population of New York in 2019 was 19,463,131, a 0.41% declinefrom 2018. Browse our topics and subtopics to find information and data. Growth was slower in the 2010s than in the 2000s in 38 states. Fortunately, the U.S. remains among the few economically developed countries that continues to enjoy population growth. Explore our weekly state tax maps to see how your state ranks on tax rates, collections, and more. Maine's total population is projected to increase 0.4% from 2016 to 2021 and another 0.4% from 2021 to 2026. Download the datato see individual state trends from 2010 to 2021. Explore census data with visualizations and view tutorials. Advertisement US states with largest population gains and losses. A growing economy, in turn, can attract even more workers and their families. While gaining population through net international migration (27,185), the growth in Texas in the last year was primarily due to gains from net domestic migration (170,307) and natural increase (113,845). U-Haul has relatively few inbound trips to states in the Deep South (see, for instance, Alabama and Arkansas) compared to United Van Lines and, more importantly, to Census data on population growth. This was the largest annual percent decrease in the nation. These were the overcounts: Delaware (+5.45%), Hawaii (+6.79%), Massachusetts (+2.24%), Minnesota (+3.84%), New York (+3.44%), Ohio (+1.49%), Rhode Island (+5.05%) and Utah (+2.59%). Between 2018 and 2019, the south grew by 1 million people. Complete Report: Components of Change Highlights For those into statistics, the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient is 0.67813 and the Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient 0.68581 with each having a P-Value of less than 0.00001. A new analytical tool can show the main sources of plastic pollution and help governments determine how to best reduce the amount that is reaching the ocean. That's primarily because many residents left New York for other states. Updated: Gains in each came mostly from new residents moving into the state. In recent years, increasing mortality because of aging as well as declining immigration and falling fertility rates were to blame. All 50 states and the District of Columbia saw positive net international migration. The population of New York in 2021 was 19,835,913, a 1.58% declinefrom 2020. Access demographic, economic and population data from the U.S. Census Bureau. These are sorted by population growth rates and are highly correlated and statistically significant. The size of a states population, and annual changes, also factor into how much it will receive from some federal grants. Nationally, the U.S. population only grew by 0.1 percent between July 2020 and July 2021, the lowest rate since the nation's founding. The individual income tax is only one component of overall tax burdens, but it is often highly salient, and is illustrative here. There is only one ocean, essential to the life of everyone on Earthand it faces perils like never before. We are driven by the power of knowledge to solve today's most challenging problems. Minnesota's population grew 0.6% between 2020 and 2021, adding 35,542 residents (net). The Tax Foundation is the nations leading independent tax policy nonprofit. California accounts for 11.8% of the total U.S population in 2020, followed by Texas with 8.7%, Florida with 6.43% and New York with 6%. More people usually means more workers and consumers adding to economic activity as they take jobs and buy goods and services, which generates more tax revenue. Population growth is both a cause--and a consequence--of economic growth. An impressive one-tenth of this growth occurred in California, and it remains the most populous state, rising above 39.5 million people in 2020. To sign up for updates please enter your email address. This was attributed to further decreases in fertility combined with increased mortality. Not content to rest on their laurels, nine states in the top third either implemented or enacted individual or corporate income tax cuts in 2021. There always have been winners and losers on demographic and economic factors, but the pandemic has accelerated these changes across the country. Receive alerts when Fiscal 50 is updated with new data or analyses. This is the first release of population estimates data developed from a base population that integrates the 2020 Census, Vintage 2020 estimates, and 2020 Demographic Analysis estimates. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, District of Columbia and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2021 (NST-EST2021-POP), Annual and Cumulative Estimates of Resident Population Change for the United States, Regions, States, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico and Region and State Rankings: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2021 (NST-EST2021-CHG), Annual and Cumulative Estimates of the Components of Resident Population Change for the United States, Regions, States, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2021 (NST-EST2021-COMP), Annual Population Estimates, Estimated Components of Resident Population Change, and Rates of the Components of Resident Population Change for the United States, States, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2021 (NST-EST2021-ALLDATA), Annual Estimates of Resident Population Change for the United States, States, District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and State Rankings: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2021 (NST-EST2021-POPCHG2020-2021), Searchable Index and File Descriptions for All Files on the FTP2 Site, Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), Population and Housing Unit Estimates Tables. Looking forward, demographers will carefully study the pandemic in anticipation of a wide range of potential short- and long-term impacts on population trends and distribution. A shrinking or slow-growing populace can be both a cause and an effect of weakened economic prospects. New Yorks declining population in the last year was attributed to negative domestic migration (-352,185). But a group of New England states bucked the regional trend in 2021. Suite 950 The population of New Jersey in 2021 was 9,267,130, a 0.14% decline from 2020. Our surveys provide periodic and comprehensive statistics about the nation. A lock ( These deaths and declining immigration contributed to historically small annual population gains in the U.S. (fewer than 1 million for the first time since 1937), according to the U.S. Census Bureau. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Analysis by Joanna Biernacka-Lievestro and Alexandre Fall. And the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that there were at least 474,000 deaths associated with COVID-19 over the same 12 months. Pandemic-induced excess deaths, virtually nonexistent international in-migration, and an already-declining birth rate yielded an almost flat population trend nationwide. These data are based on Census Bureau post-Census 2020 estimates released in December 2021. The pace of population growth nationally was five times slower in 2021 than over the preceding 10-year period. Four states experienced population declines because more people moved out than in, and more people died than were born: Massachusetts, Mississippi, Michigan, and New Mexico. Idaho made modest gains from natural increase (4,398) and net international migration (413); however, the main driver of its fast increase was net domestic migration (48,876). Thats the finding of recent U.S. Census Bureau population data, along with commercial datasets released this week by U-Haul and United Van Lines. [9] Three states had populations above 20 million in 2021: California (39,237,836), Texas (29,527,941) and Florida (21,781,128). Though barely 100 years old, individual income taxes are the largest source of tax revenue in the U.S. A corporate income tax (CIT) is levied by federal and state governments on business profits. DEC. 21, 2021 According to the U.S. Census Bureaus Vintage 2021 national and state population estimates and components of change released today, the population of the United States grew in the past year by 392,665, or 0.1%, the lowest rate since the nations founding. ET Congressional seats awarded to each state from the 2020 census Each box represents a House seat. Instead, the Vintage 2021 Population Estimates were constructed using a Blended Base of 2020 Decennial Census results, 2020 Demographic Analysis estimates, and Vintage 2020 Postcensal Population Estimates.

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