R 3. That is for a two input non-inverting summing amplier, the op-amps gain is equal to 2, for a three input summing amplier the op-amps gain is 3, and so on. The combination in claim 6 with a source of voltage in serial relationship with said serially connected impedances adjusted to make the voltage across said output circuit more nearly equal to zero. The webmaster does not read these comments regularely. . What is a Summing Amplifier? This CalcTown calculator calculates the output of an ideal summing op-amp amplifier. An operational amplifier is an electronic amplifier that can act as a summing amplifier. Is there a penalty to leaving the hood up for the Cloak of Elvenkind magic item? A Scaling Summing Amplifier can be made if the individual input resistors are "NOT" equal. The Summing Amplifier is another type of operational amplifier circuit configuration that is. In combination, an electron discharge device having at least a cathode and an anode, a source of direct current having the negative pole connected to said cathode and the positive pole to said anode, an output circuit connected to said anode and an intermediate point in said source, two impedances connected in serial relationship across said output circuit, said intermediate point being so chosen that the currents from said source flowing in said impedances are substantially equal and opposite and the voltage across said output circuit is substantially zero. As both inputs are connected, through their respective input resistors, to this virtual earth they do not affect each other - the voltage at input A does not affect the voltage at input B and vice versa. The summing amplifier is a handy circuit. By adjusting the value of Rf the gain can be changed. A direct voltage addition can also be obtained when all the resistances are of equal value and R is equal to Rin. V. V 2. Bezier circle curve can't be manipulated? Copyright 2015 DNA TECHNOLOGY, INDIA . If R =R -xR =R then D=A+B+:0C where m is any desired factor. Basically it performs mathematical operation of addition. Neha (Rest of India): 7972667515, 8412906903. Summing Amplifier A summing amplifier is an extension of (usually) the inverting amplifier, which carries out a mathematical addition on a number of analogue signals (AC or DC) at its inputs. This coupling network is of the type disclosed in U. S. Patent 1,751,527, March 25, 1930, H. Nyquist, but any pther form of coupling network capable of operation without distortion for voltages covering the frequency range desired may be used in place of the network shown. This Amplifier is followed by a pre amp with controllable gain whose output is fed to a speaker. Clarification: When the gain of the inverting summing amplifier gain is 1 then, the internal resistors and feedback resistors have the same value. Summing Amplifier based Audio Mixer The working principle of the summing amplifier is like a multi-channel audio mixer for several audio channels. 540 MHz, 1.5 W; Broadband UHF Preamplifier, > 3 GHz, 20 dB, NF 2.4 dB; Broadband Measurement Amplifier; Broadband Power Amplifier, 1 Watt from 2 - 2500 MHz; Sojamod, a 20 dB RF Amplifier up to more . To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. The two non-inverting voltage followers can easily be converted into a basic non-inverting amplifier with a gain of Av = 1 + R/Rin by the addition of input and feedback resistors, as seen in our non-inverting op-amp tutorial. 74. Copyright 2006 - 2022 by changpuak.ch. It also amplifies the input signal and provides the output. Let's use an example below to demonstrate gain and phase margin in op-amp stability. Input voltages can be both positive and negative and the summing amplifier takes account of this. They'll be only microvolts apart, at most. It is important here to mention that the Operational Amplifier Summing Amplifier can also designed with the Non-Inverting configuration. The output of the op-amp can be given as Proof: Here, assume the op-amp is an ideal op-amp. exceed 180 for any frequency where the gain of the amplifier and its feedback network is greater than unity. Thanks for contributing an answer to Electrical Engineering Stack Exchange! We saw previously in the inverting operational amplifier that the inverting amplifier has a single. But, refer to NSC's App Note LB-42.. Because of this, the 2 input signals are effectively isolated from each other. This is because the input signals are effectively isolated from each other by the "virtual earth" node at the inverting input of the op-amp. The output voltage (Vout) of the circuit depends on the input voltage of two separate inputs (VA and VB) and the Gain of each input. Summing two voltages without the use of an operational amplifier? It will be summing ~26 signals coming from oscillators. We saw previously in the inverting amplifier tutorial that the inverting amplifier has a single input voltage, ( Vin ) applied to the inverting input terminal. Such a connection has the serious practical disadvantage that only one of the voltages can be connected to ground. Find the output voltage of the following Summing Amplifier circuit. The circuit shown below is a three input summing amplifier in the inverting mode. In the specific embodiment of the invention disclosed in the present application, the network is capable of amplifying voltages from zero cycles to a comparatively high frequency, but the invention is in no-way limited to this specific disclosure, as the interstage coupling networks of the amplifier may be designed by known methods to amplify any other desired range of frequencies. The signals are amplified or attenuated individually. The vacuum tube I0 is coupled by means of a resistor I4 to the load I 5. 2.8 The Differential Op Amp Stage. More than two inputs can be used. In the drawing the generators A, B, and C, diagrammatically symbolizing three sources of voltages to be added, are respectively connected in serial relationship with one of the impedances l, 2, 3, each having a relatively high impedance compared to the effective input impedance of the amplifier. It can have a number of uses: 1. When the migration is complete, you will access your Teams at stackoverflowteams.com, and they will no longer appear in the left sidebar on stackoverflow.com. Aka "TimeDuino". The purpose of a summing amplifier is to generate an output that is a weighted sum of its input signals. The general op-amp gain equation Vout = A. Positive potential is supplied through coupling resistor I4 to the anode of vacuum tube I0, and negative potential from the source 25 is supplied to the cathode of vacuum tube Hi. summing inputs, then the op-amps output voltage will be exactly equal to the sum of all the input voltages. The last step underscores an important consideration for high-gain amplifiers. But a summer that gives non-inverted sum of the input signals is called non inverting summing amplifier. V O = -(V a +V b +V c) =-(1.2+3.2+4.2)= -8.6v. Namun, jika resistor input memiliki nilai yang berbeda, "scaling summing amplifier . Fortunately to overcome these errors, commercial available Digital-to Analogue and Analogue-to Digital devices are available. Applying the Kirchofi' relationship to the node at the control electrode of vacuum tube Q. Summing Amplifier is an electronic circuit that produces output as a weighted sum of the applied inputs. Gate resistor necessary and value calculation. Because of this, the 2 input signals are effectively isolated from each other. The summing amplifier multiplies each input voltage by the gain of that input and then adds them together to give the output voltage. Vout = - R4/R1 (Vin1+Vin2) When R1 = R2 = R4 . Input voltages can be fixed or changing with time, analogue or digital. ZMPT101B Miniature voltage transformerZMPT101B 2mA/2mA Precision Phase voltage transformer Output Vo.. http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/opamp/opamp_3.html. In which type of amplifier, the input voltage is amplified by a scaling factor The circuit gives an 391,331. The isolation allows each of the input signals to have different gains. An inverting amplifier is a special case of the differential amplifier in which that circuit's non-inverting input V 2 is grounded, and inverting input V 1 is identified with V in above. Example: Find the output voltage of the following Summing Amplifier circuit. The network is designed to amplify voltages within the desired frequency range, without distortion or instability, and has a feedback from the output circuit to the input circuit of such polarity and magnitude as to render the impedance of the input circuit, as viewed from the voltage sources, low compared to the impedances in series with the sources, without rendering the amplifier unstable. When a negative voltage is applied to the control electrode'of vacuum tube t, the amplifiedvoltage will cause the control electrode of vacuum tube ID to become more negative, reducing the anode current and the voltage drop in resistor IA, and applying a positive voltage to the load Hi. 11. The amplifier, in effect, forms a voltage source of very low impedance, thus variations in the load impedance have little effect on the accuracy of the summation. The input capacitors (nominally 1F) block any D.C. bias, The 47k Logarithmic potentiometers act as volume controls, The gain of the Mic input is 10 so an input of 100mV will give an output of 1V, The gain of the Line input is 1 so an line level input of 1V will give an output of 1V, The summing amplifier mixes the two signals so, using the numerical values given, the maximum output would be 2V, The output capacitor and resistor block any D.C. bias being presented to the next subsystem. Because of the high open loop gain of the operational amplifier, pin 2 is a virtual ground, i.e. In this article, we will see the summing amplifier circuit, its working and its applications. High-gain necessarily implies a large output for a small input level. No interference (feedback from one channel to the input of another channel) will occur because each signal is applied through a resistor, with its other end connected to ground terminal. The inputs to the op-amp (V1, V2, and V3) are applied using the resistors R1, R2, and R3 respectively. How do we know "is" is a verb in "Kolkata is a big city"? In a practical embodiment of the invention the resistors I, 2 and 3 were 1 megohm. In combination, a plurality of voltage sources, a plurality of high resistances respectively in serial relationship with said sources, an amplii'ying device having an input and an output circuit, said sources and resistances being connected in parallel relationship to said input circuit, a load resistor in said output circuit, and means including a high resistance for feeding back energy from said output circuit to said input circuit to make the over-all gain of said amplifier for any one of said sources substantially equal to the ratio between the resistance feeding back energy and the resistance connected in serial relationship with that one of said sources. All oscillator outputs will be the same voltage input (5v), but different frequencies. In combination, a plurality of voltage sources, a plurality of high impedances respectively in serial relationship with said sources, an amplifying device having an input and an output circuit, said sources and impedances being connected in parallel relationship to said input circuit, a load impedance in said output circuit, and means for feeding back energy from said output circuit to said input circuit to make the impedance of said input circuit small compared to said input impedances and the over-all gain of said amplifier substantially unity. a plurality of impedances respectively in serial relationship with said voltage sources, said impedances and voltage sources being connected in parallel relationship, and another impedance connected in serial relationship with said parallel connected impedances and voltage sources across said output circuit. The Summing Amplifier is a very flexible circuit indeed, enabling us to effectively "Add" or "Sum" (hence its name) together several individual input signals. The voltage sources, and their serially connected impedances, are connected in parallel. Rs.426.00 + GST. List ofsome of cities across India that we have dispatched to: Get bits and bytes of noise free Information. The resistor 14 was 6,000 ohms and the load l5 was also 6,000 ohms. With Arduino. The op amp is designed to detect the difference in voltage applied at the input (the plus (v2) and the minus (v1) terminals, or pins 2 and 3 of the op amp package). V. Click here to view image. The object of the invention is to obtain the sum of a number of electrical voltages, one pole of each of the voltages being grounded. The inverting input of the OP-Amp is at virtual ground (0 V) and there is no current to the input. The figure below shows various phase margins (30, 45, 65, 90) vs frequency plot when the closed-loop gain is 1. eq 1: Output formula of the inverting summing amplifier. 1. How can I make combination weapons widespread in my world? If the inputs resistors, R1, R2, R3 etc, are all equal a unity gain inverting adder can be made. It would be easier the use an R2R ladder into the non-inverting input of an opamp configured as a voltage follower. In the below circuit, we have given two input voltages as V1 and V2 in the amplifier's non-inverting terminal as we want to create a non-inverting summing amplifier. SUMMING AMPLIFIER. (More than 2 signals can be summed by simply adding another resistor with another input signal) The overall output is the sum of these two signals. The principal features of this configuration are . Given are the values of amplifier gain and input resistance. We have students and hobbyist coming from nearby cities (Sangamner, Igatpuri, Ozar, Sinnar, Kopargaon, Shirdi, Yeola, Malegaon, Dhule, Jalgaon, deolali,Manmad,Pune etc) and nearby villages (ghoti, pimpalgaon, satana, dindori, Vinchur, Niphad, Akole, Jawhar, Lasalgaon, Saykheda, Vani). The resistors ll, l2 and It were respectively V 1 and 1 megohms. Thus, if R be the feedback impedance, and R4 be the input impedance for, the voltage E1, the voltage gain G for that input will be and this relationship will apply simultaneously and independently for all inputs, thus for any When the network is designed for use with voltages having frequencies which may go down to' zero cycles, preferably the circuit constants are so chosen that in the absence of an input voltage the potential of the anode of the vacuum tube In is substantially that of the ground, or zero voltage. The summing amplifier below shows V1 and V2 are connected to the non-inverting input (V+) of the op-amp. Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) The drawing diagrammatically illustrates a circuit embodying the invention. By adjusting the bias on the control electrode of vacuum tube It, these curlents, in the absence of a signal, may be made e nal. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, The current flowing in the feedback resistor is I, No current flows into the inverting input and therefore I. If one of the inputs is +1.5 V and the other is +1.0 V, for example, the output voltage will be -2.5 V. In combination, a thermionic device having a cathode, an anode and a control electrode, a coupling impedance, a source of current connected to said cathode and through said coupling impedance to said anode and having an intermediate tap, an output circuit connected to said anode and said intermediate tap, two impedances connected in serial relationship across said output circuit, and a connection from the junction of said two impedances to said control electrode. How do I calculate the gain of an op-amp summing amplifier? W5500 TCP / IP SPI to LAN Ethernet Interface Converter MODULE 10. mance amplifiers that employ Linear Technology Corporation's advanced complementary bipolar process-ing. If you put 2V on each input and get -6V out, and R1=R2, then the ratio of R3 to R1 is 1.5 to 1. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. On PSPICE I set the DC and ACMAG values for the input voltages to 2V, and Vout is -6. Is there such a thing as total gain? The vacuum tube 4 is coupled to the vacuum tube 6 by means of an interstage coupling network comprising the three resistors l, 8 and 9. It only takes a minute to sign up. Penguat Penjumlah (Summing Amplifier) adalah rangkaian yang sangat fleksibel memang, memungkinkan kita untuk secara efektif "Menambah" atau "Menjumlah"bersama-sama beberapa sinyal input individual. As shown in Fig.1, the op-amp is used as a summing amplifier in the inverting configuration. Initially VA = +2V and VB = +1V and therefore Vout = 3V, After some time VA = +2V and VB = 1V and therefore Vout = 1V. The equation to calculate the output voltage can be rearranged to give: Consider the following example. Another useful application of a Summing Amplifier is as a weighted sum digital-to-analogue converter. Trying to do the same for the entire system yields a meaningless result. However, if the input resistors are of different values a "scaling summing amplifier" is . For example, measuring temperature, you could add a negative offset voltage to make the display read "0" at the freezing point or produce an audio mixer for adding or mixing together individual waveforms (sounds) from different source channels (vocals, instruments, etc) before sending them combined to an audio amplifier. From another point of view, a current can flow from the positive tap of the source 25 through resistor M, down through load 15, and connection 26 back'to the source 25. In practical applications, the phase shift should not approach 180 since this is the situation of . Does no correlation but dependence imply a symmetry in the joint variable space? Just like the Inverting Amplifier, the Summing Amplifier uses negative feedback to keep the inverting input at almost zero volts. Then the output becomes Components pinout Conclusion Using a summing amplifier is one of the important parts of any kind of project. How did the notion of rigour in Euclids time differ from that in the 1920 revolution of Math? The summing amplifier, a special case of the inverting amplifier, is shown in Figure 4. The gain works for both signals, AC ripple, and DC. 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Find v1 and v2 of a summing amplifier when it is in series with another Op-Amp, Instrumentational Amplifier with Summing Amplifier, Experimentally measuring the gain of an amplifier with noise. It is also known as Op-amp adder. We can apply superposition theory to calculate the V+, then use standard non-inverting feedback gain equation to evaluate the output voltage, Vout. Why is it valid to say but not ? At 30, 45, the frequency step response shows a large peaking and ringing indicate potential oscillations. Even the functionality of this amplifier is simple to analyze. V. V 3. We know that for an inverting amplifier , A CL = - R f /R 1. was of the order of 10,000 ohms and the resistor l8 was 3 megohms. The summing amplifier multiplies each input voltage by the gain of that input and then adds them together to give the output voltage. 6. The gains for each input do not have to be the same. The Summing Amplifier is another type of operational amplifier circuit configuration that is used to combine the voltages present on two or more inputs into a single output voltage. If you were to analyze this circuit using superposition, you would find that for each input signal, it is just an inverting amplifier. If h be large compared to unity, the bracketed are unity, and that the ratio a is 6x10 the denominator of Equation 4 will be which differs from unity by about .007 per cent. As the effective gain for each source is controlled by the ratio of the feedback resistorto the input resistor, the voltages from the sources may have different gains, thus multiplying or dividing one voltage with respect to the others. OpAmp are used in AC as well as DC amplification. When a positive voltage is applied to the control electrode of vacuum tube Q, the amplified voltage will cause the control electrode of vacuum tube ID to become less negative, permitting the negative voltage applied to the cathode of vacuum tube In to increase the anode current, making the voltage drop in resistor It largerthan the applied positive potential from the source 25, and applying a negative voltage to the load. The output voltage of non-inverting amplifier is in-phase with its input voltage and it's given by; Unity Gain Amplifier / Buffer / Voltage Follower: If the feedback resistor in removed i.e. In summary, an operational amplifier's function is to compare two input values and output a function of the two input values, or it can be used as a summing amplifier. Why do paratroopers not get sucked out of their aircraft when the bay door opens? (2) Next step is to connect R1 and R2 to ground. The Summing Amplifier is a very flexible circuit based upon the standard Inverting Operational Amplifier configuration that can be used for combining multiple inputs. The simplified circuit above is like the differential amplifier in the limit of R 2 and R g very small. At 65, the step response is . If we add more input resistors to the input, each equal in value to the original input resistor, Rin we end up with another operational amplifier circuit called a Summing Amplifier, "summing inverter" or even a "voltage adder" circuit as shown below. Apparatus. No interference will happen because each signal is given through a resistor, with its other end connected to GND terminal. The value of the signal at the output will be given as. Based on its unique properties, an op-amp can be configured for various functions, including a summing amplifier. An ideal op-amp has characteristics like infinite input impedance, infinite gain, and zero output impedance. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. -ve sign is due to the op-amp connected in inverting mode. Description. But an op amp can also perform summing operation. The circuit diagram of audio mixer using a summing amplifier is shown below. When an amplifled signal is applied to the control electrode of vacuum tube H), the balance of these'theoretical currents is disturbed, and a resultant current will flow in the load l5. Start a research project with a student in my class. The op amp differential gain stage (also known as a differential amplifier, or subtractor) is shown in . multisim amplifier inverting simulation. Electrical Engineering Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for electronics and electrical engineering professionals, students, and enthusiasts. Would drinking normal saline help with hydration? The output voltage is then - ifRf or -5.5 V. Jika resistor input, R 1, R 2, R 3 dll, semuanya sama, "unity gain inverting adder" akan dibuat. Application filed by Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc, Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements, Negative-feedback-circuit arrangements with or without positive feedback, Negative-feedback-circuit arrangements with or without positive feedback in discharge-tube amplifiers, Devices in which the computing operation is performed by varying electric or magnetic quantities, Arrangements for performing computing operations, e.g. Share Cite Follow The standard equation for the voltage gain of a non-inverting summing amplifier circuit is given as: The non-inverting amplifiers closed-loop voltage gain A V is given as: 1 + RA/RB. This changes the summing amplifier equations. Op-amps have large gain and usually used as Voltage Amplifier. Let the impedances 1, 2, 3, 16 be resistances R1, R2, R3, Rm, the potential of the control electrode of vacuum tube 4 be 8g and the voltage across the output circuit be ed, then Solving Equation 3 for is, is, i0 and id and substituting in Equation 2. where p. is the voltage amplification ratio of the amplifier. Input voltage v2 (+3 V) will have a gain of 1. A Summing Amplifier can be used to mix two signals, such as in the music industry. input voltage, (Vin) applied to the inverting input terminal. Apply standard circuit analyses techniques Is atmospheric nitrogen chemically necessary for life? 4. If the input resistances of a summing amplifier are connected to potentiometers the individual input signals can be mixed together by varying amounts. A summing amplifier is can also be constructed using the non-inverting Op-Amp. The combination in claim 3 with amplifying means in said connection from the junction of said two impedances to said control electrode. This invention relates to electrical calculating devices and particularly to a device for obtaining the sum of a plurality of electrical voltages. 7. If you are from Nashik you can buy all types of Electronic Components from our shop at Thakker Bazzar, New CBS, Nashik. Proteus op amp inverting amplifier non. The screen grid of vacuum tube In is grounded, thus making the screen positive with respect to the cathode of vacuum tube Ill. Consider the circuit below. Use MathJax to format equations. The signals are being amplified or attenuated individually and summed. Packaged thin film ladders are av. The home-made measuring setup containing a 16-channel ion-meter with the input bias current of <3 fA and input resistance of >10 15 , cooperating with the summing amplifiers and a commercial data acquisition card (DAC) (see Appendix A, Figure A1) was used to improve the ISs sensitivity in all EES measurements.The setup allows for simultaneous tracing of up to 16 ISEs signal . 391,331. Patented June 11, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SUMMING AMPLIFIER Application May 1, 1941, Serial No. Further, by adjustment of the impedances connected in series with the various sources of voltage, any one or more of the sources may be, in effect, multiplied by any desired factor and this voltage, multiplied by such factor, will be included as one element of the summation of voltages in the output circuit. Summing amplifier can be constructed using non-inverting configuration. The potentiometer I! The vacuum tubes 4, 5 and were commercial vacuum tubes having the type designations respectively BSC'I, 6SJ7, and 6Y6G. Operational Amplifier Analysis Using the Summing Point Constraint In order to analyze Op-amps, the following steps should be followed: 1. Summing Amplifier using LM741. What is the meaning of to fight a Catch-22 is to accept it? The output voltage, ( Vout ) now becomes proportional to the sum of the input voltages, V1, V2, V3 etc. The output impedance of the vacuum tube 10 is reduced by the factor ia 10 "'10 1 z a) and is effectively less than 10 ohms. Electronics Resources by Paul Nicholls is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Input voltages can be fixed or changing with time, analogue or digital. Build a two input summing amplifier with equal gain on both inputs. The circuit is based on an inverting amplifier, The output voltage (Vout) depends on each of the two input voltages (VA and VB) and the ratio of the input resistors (RA and RB) and the feedback resistor (Rf), The voltage gain of each input can be calculated separately as the two inputs are completely independent and do not affect each other in any way, Note: RA, RB and Rf should all be >1k and <10M. Operational amplifier as summing amplifier: An op-amp is also used for mathematical operations we will start with an op-amp as a summing amplifier we have three inputs as v1 v2 and v3 . The first term of the product is the actual summing, while the second term is a gain due to the R3 and R4 resistors. with Linear Afterburner, PETH-1074 Power Supply Step-Down with an LT1074, PETH-8093 Power Supply Step-Down and linear regulation, PETH-9910 Power Supply 8 16 V, 10 A, BJT Buffer Amplifier Designer (Collector Feedback Bias), BJT Buffer Amplifier Designer (Base Bias Network), BJT Buffer Amplifier Designer (Voltage Feedback Bias), BJT Buffer Amplifier Designer (Emitter Feedback Bias), Broadband VHF Power Amplifier, 3 540 MHz, 1.5 W, Broadband UHF Preamplifier, > 3 GHz, 20 dB, NF 2.4 dB, Broadband Power Amplifier, 1 Watt from 2 - 2500 MHz, Sojamod, a 20 dB RF Amplifier up to more than 1.5 GHz, Choosing the right OPAMP to drive an ADC (SAR ADC), Bipolar Voltage to Unipolar Voltage ADC Driver, Unipolar Voltage to Bipolar Voltage DAC Circuit, Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis Schmitt-Trigger, Non-Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis Schmitt-Trigger, Bowtie Batwing Butterfly Dipole Calculator, Logarithmic Periodic Dipole Antenna Calculator, Yagi Uda Antenna Designer (NBS Tech. Simulation Of Inverting Amplifier In Multisim - YouTube www.youtube.com. But if I have two input sources then will my gain be Vout/(Vin1+Vin2)? Find the closed loop gain of the following inverting amplifier circuit. 3. I already calculated Vout1 and Vout2 in How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function, when R3 was connected to ground. How to dare to whistle or to hum in public? Output of a Summing Op-Amp calculator. Next use two sinewaves; one on each input, and observe interesting effects of adding two waves. Using the previously found formula for the gain of the circuit we can now substitute the values of the resistors in the circuit as follows, Rin = 10k and R = 100k and the gain of the circuit is calculated as: -R/Rin = 100k/10k = -10 The summing amplifier, or the non-inverting summing amplifier, is an analog processing circuit with the transfer function (the summing amplifier formula as some say) shown in the following equation.

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